A simple, fast compiled language for network services, tooling, and concurrent systems.
Getting Started
Go is a statically typed compiled language designed for simplicity and reliability. It ships with a fast compiler, built-in tooling, and a strong standard library.
Installation
# Confirm Go is installed
go version
# Create a new module
mkdir hello-go
cd hello-go
go mod init example.com/hello
Hello World
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
fmt.Println("Hello, Go!")
}
Packages & Modules
Go code is organized into packages. The package path is the module import path.
package math
func Add(a, b int) int {
return a + b
}
package main
import (
"fmt"
"example.com/hello-go/math"
)
func main() {
fmt.Println(math.Add(2, 3))
}
Concurrency
Go uses goroutines and channels for lightweight concurrent execution.
go func() {
fmt.Println("running concurrently")
}()
ch := make(chan string)
go func() {
ch <- "done"
}()
message := <-ch
fmt.Println(message)
Select
select {
case msg := <-ch:
fmt.Println(msg)
case <-time.After(time.Second):
fmt.Println("timeout")
}
Error Handling
Go prefers explicit error returns instead of exceptions.
func divide(a, b float64) (float64, error) {
if b == 0 {
return 0, fmt.Errorf("division by zero")
}
return a / b, nil
}
result, err := divide(10, 0)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
Structs & Interfaces
type User struct {
ID int
Name string
}
type Greeter interface {
Greet() string
}
func (u User) Greet() string {
return "Hello, " + u.Name
}
Go interfaces are satisfied implicitly, which makes them easy to compose across packages.
